The Geopolitical Challenges of the European Neighbourhood Policy in a Multipolar International System

Abstract

The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) represents a strategic framework through which the European Union seeks to strengthen its relations with neighboring countries by promoting political stability, economic development, and security cooperation. This study examines the geopolitical challenges facing the ENP within the context of a multipolar international system, focusing on the complex interactions between the European Union and its neighboring states. Using an analytical and inductive approach, the research investigates the political, economic, security, and cultural dimensions of the policy, highlighting the influence of global power shifts, regional conflicts, and domestic instability on the effectiveness of European strategies.

Case studies of Ukraine, Turkey, Morocco, and Tunisia demonstrate the varying degrees of success and limitations of the ENP, showing that policy outcomes are closely linked to the political stability, institutional capacity, and socio-economic conditions of partner countries. The study concludes that a flexible, multidimensional, and context-sensitive approach is essential to enhance the effectiveness of the ENP and to ensure sustainable cooperation in an increasingly complex international environment.