Ameliorative Role of Aqueous Saussurea lappa Root Extract in Tamoxifen-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Female Rats
الكلمات المفتاحية:
Rat، Saussurea lappa extract، tamoxifen، thyroid dysfunction، thyroxineالملخص
Background: This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of Saussurea lappa aqueous root extract (SLRE) against tamoxifen (TMX)-induced thyroid dysfunction in adult female rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult female albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 6 per group): (1) control group receiving distilled water, (2) SLRE-treated group receiving 200 mg/kg, (3) TMX -treated group receiving 40 mg/kg, and (4) combined treatment group receiving both TMX (40 mg/kg) and SLRE (200 mg/kg). All treatments were administered orally via gavage once daily for 28 consecutive days. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured to assess thyroid function. Results: Administration of TMX resulted in significant thyroid dysfunction, characterized by elevated serum TSH levels and reduced concentrations of FT3 and FT4 compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Co-treatment with SLRE markedly ameliorated these hormonal disturbances, restoring thyroid hormone levels towards normal values (p = 0.001). The biochemical study was confirmed by histopathological investigation Conclusion: Tamoxifen induces thyroid dysfunction in adult female rats, whereas SLRE exhibits a protective effect by modulating thyroid hormone profiles. These findings suggest the potential of SLRE as an adjunct therapeutic agent for managing tamoxifen-induced thyroid dysfunction.
المراجع
A.Robinson,T.V.Kumar,E.Sreedharetal.,“Anewsesquiter pene lactone from the roots of Saussurea lappa: structure anticancer activity study,” Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, vol. 18, no. 14, pp. 4015–4017, 2008
Alnahdi, H. S. (2017). Injury in Metabolic Gland Induced by Parathyroid Insecticide Could Be Reduced by Aqueous Extract of Sassura lappa. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences, 6(2), 86-97.
Anker GB, Lّnning PE, Aakvaag A, Lien EA. Thyroid function in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1998; 58:103-107
Athanassiou I K, Ntalles K, Markopoulos C, Athanassiou P, Gogas J, Proukakis C. Thyroid function in postmenopausal women with breast cancer on tamoxifen. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1998; 19:150-154.
Bancroft, J. D., & Gamble, M. (2008). Theory and practice of histological techniques (6th ed.). Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.
Beyssen, Marie-Laure, et al. "Antithyroid action of tamoxifen in the rat: in vivo and in vitro studies." Pharmacology 61.1 (2000): 22-30.
Bolkiny Y, Tousson E, El-Atrsh A, Akela M, Farg E. Costus root extract alleviates blood biochemical derangements of experimentally-induced hypo- and hyperthyroidism in mice. Annual Research &Review in Biology. 2019; 31:1–10.
Chaudhuri PK, Patel N, Sandberg L, Prinz RA. Distribution and characterization of steroid hormone receptors in human thyroid tissue. World J Surg. 1986; 10:737.
Cuzik J, Allen D, Baum M, Barrett J, Clark G, Kakkar V, et al. Long-term effects of tamoxifen. Eur J Cancer 1993; 29A: 15–29.
D’Angelo SA. Simultaneous effects of estradiol on TSH secretion and adrenocortical function in male and female rats. Endocrinology 1968; 82:1035-41.
Davies AM, Martin EA, Jones RM, Lim CK, Smith LL, White INH: Peroxidase activation of tamoxifen and toremifene resulting in DNA damage and covalently bound protein adducts. Carcinogenesis 1995; 16:539-545.
E. Fekry, M. Awny, G. Refaat, H. Arafat Ameliorative role of saussurea lappa root extract "Costus" on thyroid tissue under the toxic effect of carbimazole induced hypothyroidism . Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine, 21 (1) (2023), pp. 172-189.
Fex G, Adielsson G, Mattson W. Oestrogen-like effects of tamoxifen on the concentrations of proteins in plasma. Acta Endocrinol 1981; 96: 109–13.
Furr B, Jordan VC. The pharmacology and clini cal uses of tamoxifen. Pharmacol Ther 1984; 25: 127–205.
Gordon D, Graham H, Beastell P, Colin S, McArdle MD, Thomsen J. The effect of tamoxifen on thyroid function. Cancer 1986; 58: 1422–5.
Grani G, Dicorato P, Dainelli M, et al. Thyroid diseases in women with breast cancer. Clin Ter. 2012; 163:e401-e404.
Madhuri K, Elango K, Ponnusankar S, Madhuri K, Elango K, Ponnusankar S. Saussurea lappa (Kuth root): review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology, Orient Pharm Exp Med 2012; 12:1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-011-0043-1.
Mahmoud MS Costus Root Extract Preserves Thyroid Hormones Levels, Thyroglobulin Expression and Thyroid Tissues in Rats Receiving Valproate Sodium. Indones Biomed J. 2020; 12(4): 304-12
Mamby C, Love R, Lee K. Thyroid function test changes with adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in post menopausal women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1995; 13: 854–7.
Mujammami, Muhammad. "Clinical significance of Saussurea Costus in thyroid treatment." Saudi Medical Journal 41.10 (2020): 1047.
Paget, G. E. "Evaluation of Drug Activities. Pharmacometrics". (1964)
Panda, Sunanda, and Anand Kar. "Ocimum sanctumleaf extract in the regulation of thyroid function in the male mouse." Pharmacological Research 38.2 (1998): 107-110.
Pandey R. Saussurea lappa extract modulates cell mediated and humoral immune response in mice. Der Pharmacia Lettre. 2012; 4(6):1868-1873.
Rasmussen UF, Effraimidis G, Klose M. The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis and its role in physiology and pathophysiology of other hypothalamus-pituitary functions . Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 525, 2021, 111173
Sakai F, Cheix F, Clavel N, Colon J, Mayer M, Pommatau E, et al. Increases in steroid binding globulins induced by tamoxifen in patients with carcinoma of the breast. J Endocrinol 1978; 76: 219–26.
Saleem, TS Mohamed, et al. "Aqueous extract of Saussurea lappa root ameliorate oxidative myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol in rats." Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research 4.2 (2013): 94-100.
Winterhoff, H., H. Sourgens, and F. H. Kemper. "Antihormonal effects of plant extracts." Hormone and metabolic research 15.10 (1983): 503-507.
