Thyroid Hormone Levels among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis-Dependent Renal Failure at Misrata Dialysis and Kidney Treatment Center: A Cro ss-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Thyroid Hormones, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Renal Failure, Hemodialysis, Thyroid Dysfunction, Kidney FunctionAbstract
The thyroid gland and kidneys are closely interconnected, as the functions of each organ influence the other. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal failure are among the causes of thyroid hormone abnormalities, while thyroid dysfunction may also contribute to impaired kidney function.
This study aimed to assess thyroid hormone levels among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (CRF on HD), and to compare them with healthy individuals. The study included 240 participants, comprising 160 patients equally divided between CKD patients and CRF on HD patients, in addition to 80 healthy subjects who served as a control group.
Serum levels of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. The results showed significantly lower mean levels of T3 and T4 among CRF on HD patients compared with CKD patients and the control group, whose hormone levels were relatively similar. Statistically significant differences were observed between CRF on HD patients and the other groups regarding T3 and T4 levels (p = 0.000 and p = 0.000, respectively), whereas no significant differences were found between CKD patients and the control group (p = 0.667 and p = 0.202, respectively).
Regarding TSH, slight variations were observed among the three groups. A significant difference was found between CRF on HD patients and CKD patients (p = 0.000), while no significant differences were observed between CRF on HD patients and the control group or between CKD patients and the control group (p = 0.314 and p = 0.202, respectively).
The study concluded that patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis exhibited markedly lower mean levels of T3 and T4 compared with CKD patients and healthy controls, with statistically significant differences among the groups. In contrast, only slight variations were observed in TSH levels. These findings highlight the importance of regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels in kidney disease patients to reduce complications and health problems associated with thyroid dysfunction.
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