Climatic Suitability for Horse Breeding and Its Relationship with Physiological Diseases in Western Libya: A Geographical Study

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the climatic suitability for horse breeding and its relationship with physiological diseases in western Libya from a climatic geographical perspective. It investigates the influence of climatic elements, including temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind, and dust storms, on horse health and physical performance. The study adopts a descriptive analytical approach based on the collection and analysis of climatic data from meteorological stations, using monthly, seasonal, and annual averages to identify climatic variations among the study areas.

The results indicate that climatic conditions represent an important factor affecting horse health. High summer temperatures increase the risk of heat stress, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance, while high relative humidity reduces the efficiency of natural body cooling. In addition, dust-laden winds contribute to increasing respiratory problems, eye irritation, and skin disorders. The climatic analysis revealed clear spatial variations between coastal, inland, and desert areas due to differences in prevailing climatic characteristics.

The study concludes that evaluating climatic suitability is an important tool for identifying appropriate areas for horse breeding and developing environmental and health management programs adapted to local climatic conditions. The study recommends improving stable conditions, ensuring adequate ventilation and continuous access to clean water, adjusting training schedules during periods of lower thermal stress, and strengthening cooperation between meteorological and veterinary authorities to support sustainable horse breeding in Libya.